Pharmacology

Pharmacology is the branch of medical and biological sciences that focuses on the study of drugs and their effects on living organisms. It involves understanding how drugs interact with biological systems, their mechanisms of action, therapeutic uses, side effects, and toxicity.

Pharmacology is divided into two main areas:

1. Pharmacodynamics – How drugs act on the body (mechanisms, effects, and therapeutic impact).
2. Pharmacokinetics – How the body processes drugs (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion).

Pharmacology plays a crucial role in drug development, clinical medicine, and healthcare by ensuring safe and effective medication use. It is different from pharmacy, which focuses on preparing, dispensing, and advising on medication use.